{"id":29579,"date":"2024-05-24T15:06:35","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T15:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/?p=29579"},"modified":"2026-11-05T08:44:08","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T08:44:08","slug":"voltage-measurement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement","title":{"rendered":"Voltage measurement"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-right-text counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Measurement-chain-and-modeled-effects\" >Measurement chain and modeled effects<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Measurement-bandwidth-and-modeling-levels\" >Measurement bandwidth and modeling levels<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Simulink-block\" >Simulink block<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Port-specification\" >Port specification<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Parameters\" >Parameters<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#PLECS-block\" >PLECS block<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Port-specification-2\" >Port specification<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Parameters-2\" >Parameters<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/voltage-measurement\/#Probe-signals\" >Probe signals<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The VSR block of the imperix <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/help\/getting-started-with-imperix-power-library\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Power library<\/a> models a voltage measurement in Simulink and PLECS. It reproduces the measurement bandwidth of the selected imperix sensor, so that a simulated control loop sees the same measurement dynamics as the real hardware.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The block supports the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VSR-500-HBW<\/a> high-bandwidth sensor and the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VSR-1000-ISO<\/a> galvanically isolated sensor. It also supports the previous-generation DIN800V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Measurement-chain-and-modeled-effects\"><\/span>Measurement chain and modeled effects<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On imperix hardware, a voltage measurement passes through three stages. The sensor converts the measured voltage into a low-voltage signal. This signal reaches the controller&#8217;s analog input through an RJ45 cable, where it is sampled. In the control model, the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/analog-data-acquisition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ADC<\/a> block converts the sampled value back into volts using the selected sensor&#8217;s sensitivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In simulation, the voltage measurement block represents the first stage. It connects two electrical nodes and outputs the voltage between them, filtered by the selected sensor&#8217;s measurement bandwidth. Sampling and quantization are modeled by the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/software\/analog-data-acquisition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ADC<\/a> block.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The voltage measurement block models only the measurement bandwidth. It does not model noise, offset, sensitivity error, saturation beyond the measurement range, or common-mode voltage rejection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Measurement-bandwidth-and-modeling-levels\"><\/span>Measurement bandwidth and modeling levels<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The voltage measurement block represents a sensor as either an ideal measurement or an ideal measurement followed by a first-order low-pass filter (LPF). The time constant of the LPF follows from the measurement bandwidth:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$(1) \\quad \\quad \\tau = \\frac{1}{2\\pi f_{BW}}, \\qquad H(s) = \\frac{1}{1 + s\\tau}$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">where \\(f_{BW}\\) is the bandwidth in Hz and \\(\\tau\\) the time constant in s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:42%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"286\" height=\"174\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/schem_sensors_ideal1.png\" alt=\"Ideal models of a voltage measurement device\" class=\"wp-image-29703\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ideal model<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:58%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"174\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/schem_sensors_lpf.png\" alt=\"First-order LPF models of a voltage measurement device\" class=\"wp-image-29290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/schem_sensors_lpf.png 400w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/schem_sensors_lpf-300x131.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">1st-order LPF model<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two modeling levels are available, <strong>Simple (A) <\/strong>and <strong>Detailed (B)<\/strong>. Sensor are modeled with the LPF only when its bandwidth lies within the frequency range of the selected level. Otherwise, it is modeled as ideal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The measurement bandwidth becomes relevant when the crossover frequency exceeds about one tenth of the bandwidth. The same holds when \\(\\tau\\) is not small compared with the sampling period. In these cases, the <strong>Detailed (B) <\/strong>level should be used, so that the simulated phase margin matches the hardware.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>Sensor<\/th><th>Bandwidth setting<\/th><th>Time constant \\(\\tau\\)<\/th><th>Simple<\/th><th>Detailed<\/th><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-500-hbw\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-500-hbw\">VSR-500-HBW<\/a><\/td><td>3 MHz<\/td><td>53 ns<\/td><td>Ideal<\/td><td>Ideal<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-500-hbw\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-500-hbw\">VSR-500-HBW<\/a><\/td><td>300 kHz<\/td><td>530 ns<\/td><td>Ideal<\/td><td>Ideal<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-1000-iso\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-1000-iso\">VSR-1000-ISO<\/a><\/td><td>100 kHz<\/td><td>1.6 \u00b5s<\/td><td>Ideal<\/td><td>LPF<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-1000-iso\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#vsr-1000-iso\">VSR-1000-ISO<\/a><\/td><td>10 kHz<\/td><td>16 \u00b5s<\/td><td>Ideal<\/td><td>LPF<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#din-800\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"\/products\/power\/voltage-sensors\/#din-800\">DIN800V<\/a><\/td><td>100 kHz<\/td><td>16 \u00b5s<\/td><td>Ideal<\/td><td>LPF<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Modeling of the voltage measurement devices<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Simulink-block\"><\/span>Simulink block<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Port-specification\"><\/span>Port specification<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The two electrical ports connect to the nodes between which the voltage is measured.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The output <code>V<\/code> is the measured voltage between the two electrical ports, in volts, after the low-pass filter, when applicable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"41\" height=\"28\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/simulink_din800v_block.png\" alt=\"DIN800V Simulink block\" class=\"wp-image-29694\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"36\" height=\"24\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/simulink_se_vsr.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-45355\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Parameters\"><\/span>Parameters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Use global configurations<\/strong>: when ticked, the block takes its modeling level from the <a href=\"\/doc\/software\/config-control-task-configuration\">CONFIG<\/a> block, so that one setting applies to all blocks of the model. Untick it to give this block its own modeling level, for instance, the <strong>Detailed<\/strong> level for one slow measurement only.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Modeling level<\/strong>: <strong>Simple<\/strong> models every sensor as ideal. <strong>Detailed <\/strong>adds the LPF. Select <strong>Detailed <\/strong>when the measurement bandwidth affects the control loop.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Voltage sensor<\/strong>: selects the modeled sensor and, therefore, its bandwidth. Select the sensor installed on the hardware.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"424\" height=\"389\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/simulink_vsr_mask.png\" alt=\"Configuration of a voltage measurement block in Simulink\" class=\"wp-image-39476\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/simulink_vsr_mask.png 424w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/simulink_vsr_mask-300x275.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 424px) 100vw, 424px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PLECS-block\"><\/span>PLECS block<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Port-specification-2\"><\/span>Port specification<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<ul id=\"block-0c3545e7-737e-47c6-8f87-485ebd64efc2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The two electrical ports connect to the nodes between which the voltage is measured.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The output <code>V<\/code> is the measured voltage between the two electrical ports, in volts, after the low-pass filter, when applicable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"45\" height=\"31\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plecs_din800v_block.png\" alt=\"DIN800V PLECS block\" class=\"wp-image-29581\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Parameters-2\"><\/span>Parameters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul id=\"block-66be6431-5576-4fd4-8473-b12a39c4fcb0\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Modeling level<\/strong>: <strong>Simple<\/strong> models every sensor as ideal. <strong>Detailed <\/strong>adds the LPF. Select <strong>Detailed <\/strong>when the measurement bandwidth affects the control loop.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Voltage sensor<\/strong>: selects the modeled sensor and, therefore, its bandwidth. Select the sensor installed on the hardware.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"443\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plecs_vsr_mask.png\" alt=\"Configuration of a voltage measurement block in PLECS\" class=\"wp-image-39477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plecs_vsr_mask.png 443w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plecs_vsr_mask-300x289.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Probe-signals\"><\/span>Probe signals<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following signals can be monitored with a PLECS Probe block. Comparing them shows how measurement bandwidth affects a given waveform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>True value [V]<\/strong>: the actual voltage between the two electrical ports, in volts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sensor output [V]<\/strong>: the voltage delivered by the modeled sensor, in volts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"492\" height=\"306\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plecs_vsr_probe.png\" alt=\"VSR PLECS probe\" class=\"wp-image-39478\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plecs_vsr_probe.png 492w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plecs_vsr_probe-300x187.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 492px) 100vw, 492px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The VSR block of the imperix Power library models a voltage measurement in Simulink and PLECS. It reproduces the measurement bandwidth of the selected imperix&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":33315,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"software-environments":[103,104],"provided-results":[],"related-products":[50,31,32,92,166,113,114,112,111,110],"guidedreadings":[],"tutorials":[],"user-manuals":[],"coauthors":[72,149],"class_list":["post-29579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-software","software-environments-matlab","software-environments-plecs","related-products-acg-sdk","related-products-b-board-pro","related-products-b-box-rcp","related-products-b-box-micro","related-products-b-box-rcp-3-0","related-products-mmc","related-products-motor","related-products-peb","related-products-pm","related-products-tpi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - 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