{"id":48098,"date":"2026-09-29T13:21:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-29T13:21:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/?p=48098"},"modified":"2026-09-29T12:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T12:00:00","slug":"p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware","title":{"rendered":"PHIL prototyping with imperix hardware"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-right-text counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware\/#Typical-PHIL-setup\" >Typical PHIL setup<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware\/#Comparison-with-other-validation-methods\" >Comparison with other validation methods<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware\/#PHIL-with-imperix-solutions\" >PHIL with imperix solutions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware\/#Building-a-power-amplifier\" >Building a power amplifier<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware\/#Combination-with-third-party-simulators\" >Combination with third-party simulators<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware\/#Analog-and-digital-communication\" >Analog and digital communication<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/p-hil-prototyping-with-imperix-hardware\/#Ready-to-use-examples\" >Ready-to-use examples<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Power Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) is a well-known method to validate the electrical behavior of a power device under test (DUT) under specific conditions without the need of the full-scale physical infrastructure. Instead, the environment surrounding the DUT is emulated by a combination of a simulator \u2013 running the system&#8217;s mathematical model \u2013 with a power amplifier that translates the simulation results into physical voltages (or currents) applied on the DUT&#8217;s terminals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although primarily designed for direct prototyping, imperix solutions are well suited to act as power amplifiers by running fast real-time voltage or current tracking algorithms, and can therefore be paired with third-party simulators to create PHIL testbenches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This page covers the fundamentals of a typical PHIL setup, compares it against other validation methods and presents how custom PHIL setups can be built from imperix solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-simple-alerts-for-gutenberg-alert-boxes sab-alert sab-alert-info\" role=\"alert\">Two PHIL examples leveraging imperix hardware are also available and provide ready-to-use project files compatible with OPAL-RT, Plexim and Typhoon&#8217;s simulators: <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/microgrid-emulation-for-p-hil-prototyping\">Microgrid emulation for PHIL prototyping<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/motor-emulation-for-p-hil-prototyping\">Motor emulation for PHIL prototyping<\/a>.<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Typical-PHIL-setup\"><\/span>Typical PHIL setup<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A typical PHIL setup consists of two main parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>device under test (DUT)<\/strong> is any physical device whose behavior must be validated from its electrical terminals. It can be purely passive or include a control unit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>emulation system<\/strong> that mimics the desired DUT&#8217;s environment using:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a <strong>simulator<\/strong> that runs a mathematical model of the desired DUT&#8217;s surrounding environment in real time;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a <strong>power amplifier<\/strong> that receives relevant simulation outputs from the simulator and applies them onto the DUT&#8217;s terminals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_phil_operation_principle-1024x350.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50580\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2.925820505373221;width:345px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_phil_operation_principle-1024x350.png 1024w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_phil_operation_principle-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_phil_operation_principle-768x262.png 768w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_phil_operation_principle.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For instance, the <a href=\"#Ready-to-use-examples\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PMSM example<\/a> below demonstrates how a physical motor drive and its controller (DUT) are validated using an emulated Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (emulated system).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Comparison-with-other-validation-methods\"><\/span>Comparison with other validation methods<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PHIL is a validation approach that typically sits between Controller Hardware-In-the-Loop (CHIL) and real-condition testing. In the illustration below, the DUT has been explicitly divided into its control and power stages (the control side is omitted if the DUT is purely passive).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"734\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_validation_methods-1024x734.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50734\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.395119519153533;width:513px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_validation_methods-1024x734.png 1024w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_validation_methods-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_validation_methods-768x551.png 768w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_validation_methods-1536x1101.png 1536w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_validation_methods-2048x1469.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unlike offline simulation and CHIL \u2013 which are discussed in detail in <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/hil-simulation-using-a-b-board-pro\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/hil-simulation-using-a-b-board-pro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TN178<\/a> \u2013 PHIL extends the validation to the power stage. However, because the connection with the emulation setup operates in the power domain, a power amplifier is required, implying a non-negligible initial investment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compared to testing in real conditions, PHIL provides far greater flexibility \u2013 allowing the emulated environment to be adjusted on the fly via software \u2013 and enables rapid setup and fast iteration cycles. However, it cannot capture unmodeled physical behavior, which can only be observed under fully physical operating conditions. In this sense, PHIL capabilities are ultimately bounded by the fidelity of the underlying model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Implementing a complete physical system, however, is often challenging and time-consuming, making the transition from PHIL (or any partial simulation) to full physical prototyping a significant step. Rapid prototyping solutions such as imperix help bridge this gap. By providing versatile, easy-to-use controllers and power hardware blocks, they enable fast and flexible prototyping directly under real operating conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PHIL-with-imperix-solutions\"><\/span>PHIL with imperix solutions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While primarily designed to accelerate lab validation, the flexibility of imperix devices makes them well-suited for PHIL applications. When paired with a third-party real-time simulator, imperix hardware easily acts as a power amplifier to create PHIL test benches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Building-a-power-amplifier\"><\/span>Building a power amplifier<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Creating a custom power amplification stage with imperix hardware can be achieved in different ways. A ready-to-use PHIL example is available for each approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Modular series<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An imperix controller such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/control\/rcp-controller\/\">B-Box 4<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/control\/rapid-prototyping-controller\/\">B-Box 3<\/a> can be combined with <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/power-inverter-modules\/\">power modules<\/a> to create a fully customizable amplifier.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"644\" height=\"417\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example.jpg 644w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example-300x194.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The motor emulation example with a B-Box 4 and power modules is available <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/microgrid-emulation-for-p-hil-prototyping\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>All-in-one series<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/power\/programmable-inverter\/\">TPI8032<\/a> is an all-in-one programmable inverter for 230\/400 VAC three-phase applications, therefore perfectly suitable for a three-phase PHIL scenario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"621\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_ugrid_example-1024x621.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50592\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_ugrid_example-1024x621.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_ugrid_example-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_ugrid_example-768x466.jpg 768w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_ugrid_example-1536x932.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_ugrid_example-2048x1243.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:21px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The microgrid emulation example using a programmable inverter is available <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/motor-emulation-for-p-hil-prototyping\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Combination-with-third-party-simulators\"><\/span>Combination with third-party simulators<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imperix controllers excel at control tasks, whereas dedicated third-party simulators are better optimized for real-time plant simulation. For high-performance simulation requirements, specialized third-party simulators equipped with dedicated hardware accelerators provide a more suitable solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imperix devices are fully compatible with major simulator vendors, exchanging data either through analog connections or via digital communication over an SFP link. Many projects have successfully combined imperix hardware with platforms like OPAL-RT, Plexim, Typhoon HIL, RTDS, and others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"207\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-49528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image.png 1024w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-767x155.png 767w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Analog-and-digital-communication\"><\/span>Analog and digital communication<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imperix supports both analog and digital communication links with third-party simulators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Analog communication<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thanks to the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/hil-simulator-interfaces\/\">HIL interfaces<\/a>, the analog interfaces of imperix controllers are compatible with the simulators&#8217; electrical inputs and outputs.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"539\" height=\"318\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-49534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-1.png 539w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-1-300x177.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 539px) 100vw, 539px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>SFP support<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">imperix provides ready-to-use drivers for our controllers to support the communication with external devices over SFP. All drivers, along with examples, can be found in the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/help\/sfp-communication-with-third-party-devices?currentThread=sfp-communication-with-third-party-devices\">SFP thread<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tpi_front_image-1024x473.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-49571\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tpi_front_image-1024x473.png 1024w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tpi_front_image-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tpi_front_image-767x354.png 767w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tpi_front_image-1536x709.png 1536w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tpi_front_image.png 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although analog remains the conventional method for interconnecting devices, digital SFP links provide significant operational benefits for control setpoints and parameter exchange, such as single-cable simplicity regardless of signal count, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), and the absence of calibration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ready-to-use-examples\"><\/span>Ready-to-use examples<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two ready-to-use examples are provided, along with simulation files for OPAL-RT, Plexim and Typhoon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/microgrid-emulation-for-p-hil-prototyping\">Microgrid emulation for PHIL prototyping<\/a>, the setup demonstrates the emulation of a microgrid, while a simple three-phase resistive load acts as a passive DUT. This example features the all-in-one <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/power\/programmable-inverter\/\">programmable inverter<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"810\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/phil_microgrid_example_2-1024x810.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-49575\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/phil_microgrid_example_2-1024x810.png 1024w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/phil_microgrid_example_2-300x237.png 300w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/phil_microgrid_example_2-767x607.png 767w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/phil_microgrid_example_2-1536x1216.png 1536w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/phil_microgrid_example_2.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/motor-emulation-for-p-hil-prototyping\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/implementation\/motor-emulation-for-p-hil-prototyping\">PHIL PMSM example<\/a>, a more advanced configuration is featured, where a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) is emulated using a <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/control\/rcp-controller\/\">B-Box 4<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/products\/power-inverter-modules\/\">power modules<\/a> to validate both the control algorithms and hardware of a drive.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"997\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example_schematic-997x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50659\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.9824675854195548;width:339px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example_schematic-997x1024.png 997w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example_schematic-292x300.png 292w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example_schematic-768x788.png 768w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example_schematic-1496x1536.png 1496w, https:\/\/imperix.com\/doc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tn183_pmsm_example_schematic.png 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 997px) 100vw, 997px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Power Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) is a well-known method to validate the electrical behavior of a power device under test (DUT) under specific conditions without the need&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":50600,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"software-environments":[104],"provided-results":[109],"related-products":[50,31,32,166,111,110],"guidedreadings":[],"tutorials":[],"user-manuals":[],"coauthors":[82],"class_list":["post-48098","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-implementation","software-environments-plecs","provided-results-hil","related-products-acg-sdk","related-products-b-board-pro","related-products-b-box-rcp","related-products-b-box-rcp-3-0","related-products-pm","related-products-tpi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - 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